EFFECT OF FARMERS-HERDERS CONFLICT ON FOOD SECURITY: A CASE STUDY OF BUNUNU COMMUNITY, TAFAWA BALEWA LGA, BAUCHI STATE

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effect of farmers-herders conflict on food security, using Bununu Community in Tafawa Balewa Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria, as a case study. Guided by Resource Scarcity Theory, the research examines how competition over limited resources, such as land, water, and pasture, fuels recurrent conflicts between indigenous farmers and Fulani herders. The study employed a survey research design, sampling 382 respondents from the community, and utilized structured questionnaires to collect quantitative data. Findings reveal that crop destruction by grazing cattle, encroachment into farmlands, and competition for land are the primary drivers of conflict, compounded by water scarcity, weak land boundaries, and socio-cultural differences. These clashes disrupt farming schedules, discourage youth participation, reduce crop yields, and exacerbate poverty and food insecurity. Correlation analysis confirmed a strong, negative, and statistically significant relationship (r = –0.612, p < 0.001) between the intensity of conflict and food security. To mitigate these challenges, respondents recommended enhanced government security measures, farmer–herder dialogue, community-based conflict resolution committees, strengthened land laws, and awareness campaigns. The study concludes that sustainable food security in Bununu hinges on integrated interventions addressing resource management, conflict resolution, and socio-cultural cohesion, thereby promoting agricultural productivity, peaceful coexistence, and resilient livelihoods.