PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND IN- VITRO ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION OF THE ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF SOLANUM AETHIOPICUM L
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Despite the availability of several conventional treatments for diseases, there is
still need for new method and types of treatment to be discovered. the use of plants for treating
ailment is as old as man and even presently, plants are still being screened for possible
therapeutic and pharmacological effects.
Solaunm aethiopicum is an edible vegetable popularly known as garden egg. This research
involved pharmacognotics evaluation of the ethanol plant extract and screening for Antioxidant
activity of Solaunm aethiopicum.
Method: Extraction of the plant was through ethanol maceration. The dried powdered leaves
of Solaunm aethiopicum were analyzed to determine the presence of secondary metabolites in
the plant, microscopic content, macroscopic; chemomicroscopy and proximate analysis were
also determined by established procedure.
Result: Pharmacognotics evaluation and phytochemical screening showed presence of
phytochemicals and bioactive constituents in the plant. These phytochemicals include;
Flavonoids, glycosides, saponnis, alkaloids, tannins, phenols. Chemo – microscopy showed the
presence of calcium oxalate crystals, starches, fibres and fats.
Serial dilution of the extract were done (500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.63, 7.81) for antioxidant
assay. The crude extract was subjected to invitro antioxidant assay using 1Dipheny1-2-
Picrylhydrazly (DPPH) model. The absorbance of antioxidant was measured at 517nm using
Spectrophotometer (JEENWAY 6405 UV/VIS). Data was analyzed using Graphical prism
version 5.0.
The DPPH scavenging activity of the extract tested showed mild DPPH scavenging activity.
The result for proximate analysis of Solaunm aethiopicum leaf showed a moisture content of
(24.57%), ash value (13.96%), water soluble ash acid insoluble ash value (6.82%, 2.2%)
respectively. The leaf extract displayed mild scavenging activity (IC50=8.24μg/mL) and gallic
acid (IC50=8.45μg/mL).
Conclusion: the ethanol leaf extract of Solaunm aethiopicum has shown mild scavenging
activity and these may be due to the secondary metabolites present.
Keywords: Solaunm aethiopicum, Antioxidant, DPPH radical scavenging assay and
phytochemical.
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