ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF RAMADAN FASTING ON BODY WEIGHT AMONG STUDENTS OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, BAUCHI

Abstract This study investigated the effects of Ramadan fasting on weight loss among students at the Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Nigeria. The research aimed to evaluate how fasting during Ramadan influences body weight, body mass index (BMI), dietary habits, and physical activity patterns among students. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed, and data were collected from 195 respondents using structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements taken before and after Ramadan. Statistical analysis, including paired t-tests and correlation analysis, was performed using SPSS version 26. The findings revealed a statistically significant reduction in both mean body weight and BMI following Ramadan fasting. Average body weight decreased from 59.67 ± 8.88 kg to 57.50 ± 8.85 kg, while mean BMI reduced from 21.18 ± 2.05 to 20.58 ± 2.08 (p < 0.001). Most respondents (95.9%) fasted for the entire Ramadan period, adhering to the traditional pattern of two daily meals — Suhoor and Iftar. Dietary assessment showed that 87.2% consumed sugary drinks, and 45.6% ate balanced diets, indicating moderate nutritional awareness. Physical activity levels declined among 81.5% of students, yet those who maintained or increased activity experienced greater weight loss. Perceived benefits of fasting included weight loss (56.4%), improved focus (38.5%), and spiritual discipline (15%), while the main challenges were hunger and cravings (53.8%), and difficulty concentrating (25.1%). Although 80% of students reported weight regain after Ramadan, the short-term physiological effects demonstrated fasting’s effectiveness as a natural weight management strategy.In conclusion, Ramadan fasting significantly reduced body weight and BMI among students, confirming its potential role in healthy weight management. However, excessive reliance on high-sugar drinks and reduced physical activity limited its long-term benefits. It is recommended that students adopt balanced nutrition, moderate exercise, and continuous weight monitoring during and after Ramadan to sustain health gains.