DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SOLAR BATTERY CHARGER

ABSTRACT In this study, an attempt to design a high-efficiency charger to achieve parameters such as localizing the solar charger technology in e country, using a new method, and converting voltage and current (powder) was closer to the maximum transmission power. Also, solar systems will be used more day by day; therefore, such systems can help to replace solar systems with fossil energies. The main goal of the study was to achieve high efficiency in charging to optimize solar systems. It can be achieved high efficiency by this method: The goal is to achieve the highest efficiency with the lowest cost which in the forthcoming study was reached to efficiency over 80% versus 5.65% with a lower cost than the existing systems in the market. Keywords: solar charger. Power transmission. Pulse width modulation. Solar photovoltaic panel and Battery prosper charging parameters. Solar power plays an important role in the energy sector today. There is a strong demand in the current and future time of reliable and safe source of electrical energy. Solar energy has been increasingly used in order to develop clean and sustainable energy sources. It be utilized for many applications. Because of downward tendency in the prices of PV Modules and increment in the prices conventional fuels, use of PV modules and solar energy is increasing day by day. The main objectives of this project work is to design a solar charge controller, which is a device needed for monitoring and controlling the charging of battery bank connected to the PV modules. Main function of solar charger controller is to limit the rate at which electric current is added to or drawn from the batteries. It prevents overcharging and protects battery from voltage fluctuation, which can reduce battery performance of lifespan and may pose a safety risk. A solar battery powered charger is presented, where a photovoltaic (PV) panel is used to convert solar power into electricity and a DC/DC converter is used to control the output power of the PV panel and the charging current for the battery in the software, an optimal control algorithm is applied to obtain in the maximum available power from the sunshine. The simulation and experimental result are presented and compared. The applications of this techniques can be light electrical vehicles, such as golf carts, scooters, airport utilizing vehicles, as well as other renewable power stations where batteries are used for energy storage. This project is titled “the design and simulation of solar battery charger. It is designed to meet up with the higher demand of power supply needed to keep our battery charged. Solar battery charger is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electrical directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. It does this by the use of solar panel which is a form of photoelectric cell (in that its electrical characteristics e.g current, voltage, or resistance-vary when light is incident upon (t) which, when exposed to light, can generate and support an electric current without being attached to any external voltage source. This is aimed at constructing a solar battery charger from the solar panel and convert it to the level that can be safe to the acid battery-likely 13.6v. This paper (project) is aimed at producing a solar battery charger controller which help to improve the steady power supply. The smart charger controller is designed, so that the battery does not get over charged there by ensuring no reduction of durability of the battery. This kind of system requires sensor to sense whether the battery is fully charged or not. After charged, detected by designed logic system in the charger which will automatically disconnect or cut-off power to battery when it is fully charged is a reversed process they can get charged in a very short time period considering the intensity of sunlight.