EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF STRYCHNOS INNOCUA DEL (LOGANIACEAE) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT USING CARRAGEENAN AND ALBUMIN MODELS IN MICE
Abstract
According to WHO, about 80 - 90% of the world's population relies on plant for their primary health care of which 35,000 - 70,000 species has been used as medicaments, a number corresponding to 14 - 28% of the 250,000 plant species estimated to occur all over the world and over a long time only about 17% have been investigated for therapeutic potentials. Among all variety of plants use in traditional medicine for different medicinal purposes is the plant Strychnos innocua. It is also commonly used in Nigeria traditional medicine for treating a broad spectrum of ailments including inflammatory, pain- related conditions and disorder of the central nervous system such as schizophrenia, epilepsy and also as a sedative agent as well. This study was aimed at providing pharmacological evidence and basis for the traditional use of strychnos innocua leaves in the management of pain, its mechanism of action and CNS effects. Strychnos innocua 70% ethanol extract was subjected to phytochemicals analysis for constituents identification using standard procedures. The anti- inflammatory activity of Strychnos innocua extract was evaluated using acetic induced writhing test used in mice. Extract doses (200, 400 and 800mg/kg body weight) was used for test, aspirin served at the standard drug, while negative control was administered normal saline. The mechanism for anti inflammation was determined pre-treating the mice with different antagonist before administering the extract (800 mg/kg) in the acetic acid induced writhing test. The phytochemicals screening result revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, steroids, tannins, phenols, saponins, flavonoids in the crude extract, The acute toxicity test showed that the LD50 of Strychnos innocua was greater than 5000 mg/kg in body weight of mice. In the anti inflammatory test, of all doses of study use for the study (200-800 mg/kg) significantly (p
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