INVESTIGATING THE QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER IN ABA NORTH LGA OF ABIA STATE, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT Groundwater remains one of the most reliable sources of potable water in many parts of Nigeria, particularly in urban and semi-urban communities where access to treated municipal water is limited. Aba North Local Government Area of Abia State relies heavily on groundwater obtained through boreholes, wells, and hand-dug sources for domestic consumption and commercial use. However, increasing urbanization, poor waste management practices, and industrial activities within the area raise concerns regarding the safety and quality of groundwater resources. This study investigates the quality of groundwater in Aba North Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from selected boreholes and wells across different communities within the LGA. The samples were analyzed for physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters including pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity, hardness, nitrate concentration, and microbial presence. Standard laboratory procedures were adopted to ensure accuracy and reliability of results. Findings from the analysis indicate that while several groundwater sources meet recommended standards for potable water, some samples exhibit signs of contamination particularly in terms of microbial load and elevated chemical concentrations. These variations highlight the influence of human activities such as improper waste disposal, septic tank leakage, and poor environmental sanitation on groundwater systems. The study concludes that although groundwater remains a vital water resource in Aba North LGA, there is a need for continuous monitoring, proper waste management, and public awareness regarding groundwater protection. Implementing these measures will help safeguard public health and ensure sustainable access to safe drinking water for residents of the area.