A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE ENFORCEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS IN NIGERIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Environmental degradation remains a significant challenge in Nigeria, despite the existence of numerous environmental laws and regulatory bodies. This study critically appraises the enforcement of environmental laws in Nigeria, highlighting the gaps between legislation and implementation. It examines the legal and institutional frameworks in place, assesses their effectiveness, and explores the roles of key actor such as the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), state agencies, and the judiciary. Through a doctrinal and qualitative methodology, the study reviews statutory instruments, judicial decisions, and relevant literature. It concludes that while the legal provisions are largely adequate on paper, their enforcement remains poor in practice. The research finds that weak enforcement mechanisms, overlapping mandates, inadequate funding, political interference, and low public awareness have significantly hindered the effective implementation of environmental laws. The study recommends strengthening institutional capacity, reforming outdated laws, improving inter-agency coordination, promoting public participation, and establishing specialized environmental courts to ensure better environmental governance and sustainable development in Nigeria.
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