PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF ETHANOL STEMBARK EXTRACT OF CITRUS LIMON LINN. (RUTACEAE)
Abstract
The African medicine has been known from the dawn of African civilization in the
management of many diseases condition utilizing different kinds of natural products such asplants, microbes, animal tissues among others. The plant Lemon known as (Citrus limon) has been used traditionally in the treatment of various ailments. This study investigatedthe phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Citrus limon stem bark. The ethanol extract of the stem bark was found to contain various phytochemicals including: alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, cardenolides, cardiac glycosides, saponins. The extract exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms, with zones of inhibition ranging from 10.00 – 20.00 mm. Specifically, the extract showed antimicrobial activity against at various working dose especially Escherichia coli (11.33±0.58 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (21.00±0.00mm), Candida albicans (20.00±0.00 mm); and with inhibition against Aspergillus niger (0.00±0.00 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC)/minimum bactericidal concentration of the extract ranged from 50 -100 mg/mL. The findings from this study suggest that Citrus limon stembark may be a valuable source of antimicrobial agents especially on those microorganisms that the extract is susceptible to.
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