DESIGN, AND CONSTRUCTION A REAL-TIME POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF OGBONNAYA ONU POLYTECHNIC ABA.

ABSTRACT This project presents the design, construction, and implementation of a real-time power management system in a renewable energy setup. The system utilizes solar and wind energy sources to charge a multi-voltage battery bank (12V, 24V, and 48V) and automatically controls the load connection based on the battery’s state of charge (SOC). Using an Arduino Uno microcontroller as the core control unit, the system intelligently monitors battery voltage through voltage sensors and a voltage divider circuit. When the battery voltage exceeds a preset upper limit, the load is automatically connected, while it is disconnected when the voltage falls below a lower threshold, thus preventing deep discharge and prolonging battery life. The hardware implementation includes components such as solar panels, wind turbines, relays, voltage sensors, and an LCD display for real-time monitoring. The software, developed using the Arduino IDE, executes decision-making and control functions that ensure automatic load regulation without human intervention. Experimental testing at different voltage levels (12V, 24V, and 48V) demonstrated that the system accurately detected voltage variations and responded effectively. The results confirmed that the real-time power management system ensures efficient energy utilization, extended battery lifespan, and reliable operation in renewable energy applications. Its cost-effectiveness, automation, and flexibility make it ideal for home solar systems, street lighting, and off-grid power setups, contributing to the broader goal of sustainable and intelligent renewable energy management.