ASSESSMENT OF THE NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF PREGNANT WOMEN TOWARDS IRON AND FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION

This study assessed the nutritional knowledge and practices of pregnant women regarding iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation at the Specialist Hospital in Bauchi, Nigeria. The objectives included evaluating the level of knowledge about iron and folic acid supplementation, examining the attitudes of pregnant women towards its consumption, and assessing current practices related to IFA supplementation. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, with a sample size of 220 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires that assessed socio-demographic information, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding IFA supplementation. The study revealed a high level of awareness about iron and folic acid supplements among participants, with 75% having heard of them. However, only 60% reported consistent supplementation practices, with forgetfulness and side effects as significant barriers to adherence. The study found that a significant majority of participants (65%) recognized the importance of these supplements in preventing anemia and birth defects. The assessment of current practices revealed that 60% of participants were actively taking iron and folic acid supplements, with a notable 66.7% adhering to a daily regimen. Additionally, the study highlighted that 25% of respondents experienced side effects that deterred them from continuing their supplementation. Despite the positive attitudes towards IFA supplementation, practical challenges hindered women's ability to follow recommended guidelines effectively. The findings underscore the critical role of healthcare providers in educating pregnant women and highlight the need for improved counseling and support systems. In conclusion, while knowledge and attitudes towards IFA supplementation are generally positive among pregnant women, practical challenges such as forgetfulness and side effects persist. Recommendations include enhancing healthcare provider training, developing supportive interventions like reminder systems, and increasing public awareness campaigns to foster a supportive environment for adherence. Addressing these gaps is essential for improving maternal and infant health outcomes in the region. Keywords: Iron and folic acid, supplementation, pregnant women, nutritional knowledge, adherence, maternal health.