INTERNATIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS IN GLOBAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS; AN ANALYSIS OF AFRICA AND EUROPEAN ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Abstract
This study examines the role of international trade agreements in shaping Africa-Europe economic relations, focusing on their impact on trade flows, industrialization, and economic development. Using a survey-based approach, the research assesses the effectiveness of Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs), challenges posed by non-tariff barriers, and the potential of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) in enhancing Africa’s global trade position. Findings reveal that while trade agreements have increased Africa’s export opportunities, structural barriers and regulatory constraints hinder full benefits. The study concludes that EPAs have negatively impacted Africa’s industrialization, whereas AfCFTA presents a promising framework for strengthening Africa’s trade leverage. Recommendations include policy reforms to address trade imbalances, enhance infrastructure, and promote intra-African trade to reduce dependency on European markets.
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