COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOME HEAVY METAL IN BOREHOLE WATER OBTAIN IN SOME WARDS WITHIN MAIDUGURI METROPOLITAN COUNCIL

This study examined the physicochemical characteristics and concentrations of specific heavy metals (Pb Cd Zn and Fe) in borehole water taken from six wards in Maiduguri Metropolis. While parameters like pH turbidity electrical conductivity (EC) total dissolved solids (TDS) and temperature were measured using approved protocols metal levels were determined using standard analytical techniques. The outcomes were compared to drinking water standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO) in order to determine compliance and assess possible health risks. The results showed that iron was slightly above the acceptable limit in one sample but lead and cadmium exceeded WHO permissible limits in multiple locations. All samples had zinc concentrations that were within acceptable bounds. According to physicochemical analysis the majority of water samples had high TDS levels and were slightly acidic which can increase metal solubility and have an impact on water quality. The water is unsafe for direct human consumption due to the elevated heavy metals and acidic pH even though turbidity EC and temperature stayed within recommended ranges. According to the studys findings both natural and man-made factors have a substantial impact on borehole water in some areas of Maiduguri potentially endangering public health. To guarantee safe drinking water for the impacted communities it suggests proper water treatment frequent monitoring and enhanced environmental management.