EVALUATION OF ANTIPLASMODIAL ACTIVITIES OF PAWPAW AND SOURSOP ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT ON RENAL INDICES IN PLASMODIUM BERGHEI BERGHEI INFECTED MICE
Abstract
Malaria is still considered a major public health problem in developing countries. The malaria parasite has develop resistant to orthodox drugs over the years, thus there is need for herbal remedy.According to research,several plants have been proven to contain phytochemicals that could help in treatment of several diseases. This study is aimed at investigating the antiplasmodial potency of ethanolic leaf extract of Carica papaya and Annona Muricala against Plasmodium berghei berghei in infected mice. The method in which the solvent used was extracted was by maceration, using 70% ethanol. Forty-two (42) adult male mice were divided into six (6) groups with each group comprising of seven (7) mice. Animals were grouped as:group(1)-normal control (not treated + not parasitized with P. Berghei); group(2)-negative control (not treated + parasitized with P. Berghei); group(6)- positive control (Standard drug,80mg Artemether/480mg Lumefantrine), group (3) - (parasitized + Carica papaya); group (4)-(parasitized + Annona muricata); Group (5)-(parasitized+ Carica papaya+ Annona muricata).Group 3,4 and 5 were given a dose of 2.01mg/kg Annona muricata and 1.18mg/kg Carica papaya, which was administered orally to the animals prior to Plasmodium Berghei Berghei infection. Change in body weight (20-30g),parasitemia and LD50 was determined. The mice were acclamatized for 30 days given pelletized feed and water. A curativetest was carried out and all treatment was orally done twice (2) per day for three (3) consecutive days from when parasite was first seen in the infected animal blood. The curative test revealed that the extracts significantly suppressed parasitemia compared with the negative control group. Also blood samples in plasmodium berghei berghei infected mice were collected, smeared and renal indices parameters were analysed to determine hundred percentage clearance of plasmodium berghei berghei parasitemia level. When compared to the positive control, there was a significant difference(p
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