PRODUCTION OF REFRACTORY BRICKS USING VINIKILAND FOMBINA WHITE CLAY (KAOLIN FOR KILN CONSTRUCTION

ABSTRACT This research focuses on the production of refractory bricks using Vinikiland Fombina white clay (kaolin) for kiln construction. The study was motivated by the increasing demand for affordable and locally sourced refractory materials in ceramic, metallurgical, and industrial applications. Imported refractory products are often expensive and inaccessible; therefore, utilizing local raw materials such as kaolin becomes both economical and sustainable. The clay sample was collected from Vinikiland, Fombina in Yola Adamawa state, and processed to remove impurities. Standard tests such as chemical composition analysis, plasticity, firing shrinkage, bulk density, porosity, thermal resistance, and refractoriness were conducted to determine its suitability for refractory brick production. The clay was then mixed with appropriate binders, molded into bricks, dried, and fired at controlled temperatures. Results revealed that the Vinikiland Fombina white clay possesses high alumina content, low iron oxide, and good thermal stability, making it suitable for refractory applications. The produced bricks exhibited low porosity, high thermal resistance, and sufficient mechanical strength, meeting the basic requirements for kiln construction. The study concludes that Vinikiland Fombina kaolin is a viable local raw material for refractory brick production and can serve as a sustainable alternative to imported products. It is recommended that further research be conducted on optimizing additives and firing techniques to improve durability and performance in high-temperature industrial operations.