INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AND GLOBAL TERRORISM IN THE 21ST CENTURY

The 21st century has seen a notable increase in global terrorism, which presents significant challenges to international security. This research examines the changing nature of terrorism and its impact on global stability, focusing on major security threats, counter-terrorism initiatives and the effectiveness of international collaboration. This study aims to investigate the causes and trends of global terrorism, evaluate its consequences for international security, assess counter-terrorism efforts, and suggest effective strategies for reducing threats. It underscores the importance of a multidimensional approach to addressing terrorism, highlighting the need for diplomatic, military, economic, and intelligence-based responses. To gather date, the research employs qualitative methods, including content analysis of policy document, case studies of significant terrorist incidents, and reviews of terrorist attacks. The analysis is grounded in security studies theories such as realism and constructivism to better understand state responses and the dynamics of international cooperation. The findings reveal that terrorism remains a persistent global danger, driven by political, economic, and ideological factors. While international coalitions such as radicalization, cyberterrorism, and regional conflicts continue to hinder global security efforts. In light of these findings, the study recommends enhancing intelligence-sharing, strengthening counter-terrorism policies, investing in deradicalization programs, and the promotion of international collaboration to effectively combat terrorism. Addressing the underlying causes of terrorism and improving global governance mechanisms are essential for ensuring lasting international security in the 21st century.