EFFECT OF 20% RAW SESAME SEED (SESAME INDIUM) DIET AND PLANTAIN (MUSA PARADISIACA) ON LIPID PROFILE IN STREPTOZOTOCININDUCED DIANETIC RATS

This research was aimed to evaluation of effect of combined 20% roasted sesame seed (sesamum indicum) diet and plantain (musa paradisaca) on electrolyte balance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty (40) Wistar rats were used but they were divided into eight (8) groups with each groups having five (5) animals each they are numbered as follows; Group1: Normal Control (NC), Group 2: Diabetic Control (DC), Group 3: Standard Drug (STD), Group 4: 20% Raw Beniseed, Group 5: D + 20% Raw Beniseed,Group 6: 200mg P, Group 7: D + 200mg P, Group 8: D + 200mg P + 20% RAB. After Diabetes was induced to the animals, Beniseed and aqueous extracts of Curcuma longa or aqueous extracts of plantain were used to manage the diabetes for 21 days. The extract was administered according to the weight of the animal. Fasting blood glucose levels were determined by using glucometer (Accu-check Active) and test strips by glucose oxidase method. This was done every 5 days for the 21 days. The rats were weighed every 5 days for the 21 days. During sacrifice, the animals were exposed to chloroform. The reason for doing this was to subject the animal to a state known as anaesthesia. The blood was collected from the heart through cardiac puncture. The blood was equally centrifuged and serum was collected for further analysis. From the result above, it showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in TC levels across all experimental groups when compared to the diabetic control (DC) group (198.39 ± 1.80g mg/dL). The normal control (NC, 77.41 ± 2.06e mg/dL) and the 200mg P group (72.68 ± 0.58d mg/dL) showed significantly higher levels of HDL ("good" cholesterol) when compared to the diabetic control (DC, 39.56 ± 1.56a mg/dL). HDL levels were also notably improved in the 20% RAB group (72.21 ± 0.77d mg/dL) and D + 200mg P group (63.08 ± 0.81b mg/dL), indicating the potential benefits of sesame seed and plantain extract in improving HDL cholesterol levels. A significant (p < 0.05) reduction in LDL ("bad" cholesterol) levels was observed in the treated groups compared to the diabetic control (DC, 138.74 ± 1.89e mg/dL). The normal control (NC, 97.45 ± 0.71a mg/dL) and 200mg P (97.94 ± 0.35a mg/dL) groups had the lowest LDL levels. Other treated groups, including 20% RAB (97.41 ± 0.87a mg/dL) and D + 200mg P + 20% RAB (110.09 ± 0.92c mg/dL), also showed significant reductions compared to the diabetic control group. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in VLDL levels in all treated groups compared to the diabetic control (DC, 95.77 ± 0.92f mg/dL). The lowest VLDL levels were found in the 200mg P group (65.67 ± 0.61a mg/dL) and the normal control (NC, 65.32 ± 0.77a mg/dL). The 20% RAB (69.51 ± 0.93b mg/dL) and D + 200mg P + 20% RAB (73.97 ± 1.25d mg/dL) groups also showed significant improvements in VLDL levels compared to the diabetic control group. The result 7 suggested that the 20% of raw benniseed and plantain diet have cardioprotective effect in against diabetes.