EVALUATION OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN SELECTED FRUITS IN AGBOR

This scholarly investigation analyzed the concentrations of heavy metals (specifically lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, and nickel) found in fruits offered for sale at the Edike market in Agbor, Nigeria, concurrently assessing the potential health risks associated with their consumption. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was utilized to examine five distinct varieties of fruits (namely watermelon, cucumber, pineapple, tomatoes, and garden egg). The results indicated varying concentrations of heavy metals among the fruits under investigation, with certain samples exceeding the permissible limits set forth by the World Health Organization (WHO). The calculation of daily intake levels of heavy metals, the target hazard quotient (THQ), and the hazard index (HI) enabled the evaluation of non-cancer-related health risks. The assessment of cancer risk was carried out using cancer slope factors. The findings indicated that, although the values for THQ and HI remained below the critical threshold of 1, suggesting an absence of adverse non-cancer health effects, the cancer risk evaluation nonetheless illuminated potential health issues. This research emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in fruits to ensure consumer safety and protect public health. Moreover, the implications of the findings are substantial for the development of food safety policies and practices within Nigeria. The outcomes of this investigation may contribute to the formulation of strategies aimed at reducing heavy metal contamination in fruits and alleviating the associated health risks. In conclusion, this study provides essential insights into the prevalence of heavy metals in fruits available in Nigeria and underscores the urgent need for monitoring heavy metal levels to safeguard public health.