CURRENT TRENDS OF URBAN EXPANSION IN MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE

Urbanization is a significant global demographic trend, and understanding its spatial dynamics is essential for effective urban planning, resource allocation, and sustainable development. This study examines the urbanization trends and spatial dynamics of Maiduguri, a rapidly growing city in northeastern Nigeria, using geospatial analysis. Key drivers of urbanization identified include natural population growth, conflict-induced displacement due to insurgency, and economic opportunities. These factors have contributed to rapid urban expansion, irregular settlement patterns, and significant infrastructure and environmental challenges. Using geospatial tools such as GIS and remote sensing, the study analyzed spatio-temporal urban growth patterns from 2014 to 2024. Findings reveal a dual narrative of socio-economic benefits, including job creation and improved livelihoods, alongside challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, urban sprawl, and environmental degradation. Conflict-induced displacement emerged as a dominant factor, intensifying pressures on resources and reshaping urban dynamics. The study underscores the need for integrated urban planning strategies that address the unique socio-political challenges of Maiduguri, focusing on sustainable infrastructure development, land-use management, and environmental protection. Recommendations include comprehensive urban policies, improved service delivery, sustainable land-use planning, and incorporation of conflict-resolution strategies, environmental sustainability measures, public-private partnerships, and community engagement to promote inclusive and resilient urban development. The findings highlight the importance of proactive governance and geospatial analysis in managing urban growth effectively and equitably.