DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF WEB-BASED MONITORING ENABLED SMART ENERGY METER WITH FAULT DETECTION CAPABILITY

Abstract The rapid increase in global energy demand has highlighted the need for efficient, reliable, and safe energy management systems. Conventional electricity meters record only cumulative consumption and lack the ability to provide real-time monitoring or detect electrical faults, often resulting in energy misuse, high costs, and safety hazards. This project presents the design and implementation of a Web-Based Monitoring Enabled Smart Energy Meter with Fault Detection Capability. The system integrates voltage and current sensors for accurate measurement of energy consumption, and a relay module for automatic disconnection of faulty loads. An ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central control unit, while a Wi-Fi module enables real-time remote monitoring and alert notifications through a web interface. The prototype was tested under varying load conditions, and results showed an accuracy of ±2.5% compared to standard meters. The reed switch successfully identified tampering and disconnections within 1.5 seconds, while web-based notifications achieved over 95% delivery reliability. The system demonstrated efficiency, safety, and scalability, making it suitable for household and industrial applications. This study concludes that integrating IoT technology with smart meters significantly improves energy management, fault prevention, and user awareness, contributing to the development of smarter and safer power distribution systems.