A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF TECHNOLOGY IN COMBATING THE SCOURGE OF TERRORISM IN NIGERIA”

ABSTRACT This appraisal examines the multifaceted role of technology in Nigeria’s fight against terrorism, focusing on surveillance systems, cyber-defence, satellite imagery, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), biometric tools, and fintech regulations. Recent years have witnessed increased deployment of advanced surveillance technologies by Nigerian security agencies. UAVs such as the indigenously developed Tsaigumi and Chinese-made Wing Loong drones have enhanced intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), and targeted strike capability—but concerns remain over maintenance, collateral damage, and operational sustainability . Satellite reconnaissance via the Defence Space Administration and aspirations to establish a “Space Force” further support wide-area monitoring, though challenges persist concerning resolution limits and regulatory restrictions . Geospatial intelligence has proven especially valuable, as evidenced by studies on Boko Haram (2015–2018), which highlight its potency in mapping insurgent movement and planning operations . Complementing these capabilities are AI-driven data analytics, social media monitoring, and predictive algorithms, enabling more pre-emptive responses to emerging threats . Cybersecurity infrastructure enhancements and biometric border control systems aim to stem propaganda, recruitment, and infiltrations. Liquid explosive detection systems at airports exemplify private-sector contributions, as seen with Advonics Services Nigeria, while fintech oversight seeks to limit terrorist financing via mobile money and cryptocurrencies . Despite these advances, technological interventions are undermined by systemic weaknesses: limited digital sovereignty, fragmented regulation, poor inter-agency coordination, corruption, and insurgents’ own adoption of tech—including weaponized drones and satellite internet for encrypted communication . The resurgence of Boko Haram and ISWAP attacks in 2025 underscores both the sophistication of militant technology usage and the need for robust countermeasures . Ultimately, the effective integration of technological tools—ranging from ISR platforms and AI analytics to cybersecurity frameworks and regulatory regimes—has the potential to significantly bolster Nigeria’s counter-terrorism efforts. However, success hinges upon strengthening digital sovereignty, fostering institutional collaboration, ensuring ethical deployment, and enhancing enforcement capacity. A synchronized, multi-layered techno-strategy—backed by sound governance—can transform technology into a decisive force against terrorism in Nigeria.