PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF BLACK SEED AND CLOVES EXTRACT AGAINST METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial efficacy of black seed (Nigella sativa) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) extracts against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The extracts were prepared using standard methods and subjected to phytochemical screening, antimicrobial sensitivity testing, and determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, and cardiac glycosides, which are known for their antimicrobial properties.
The black seed and clove extracts demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones increasing proportionally to the extract concentrations. MIC and MBC values ranged from 1.25 mg/ml to 5.0 mg/ml, indicating their potential to inhibit and kill MRSA strains effectively. These findings suggest that black seed and clove extracts can serve as viable natural alternatives to conventional antibiotics, particularly in combating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Further research, including clinical trials and exploration of synergistic effects with conventional antibiotics, is recommended to validate their therapeutic potential.
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