THE CORRELATION OF SOLAR INDICES AT LOW AND HIGH SOLAR ACTIVITIES

ABSTRACT This research investigated the Correlation of Solar indices at Low and High solar activities for a period of six years. The study focuses on the analysis and understanding of the relationship between the sunspot number and solar radio flux and the pattern of their variabilities across the years using different statistical techniques. Statistical methods such as the regression analysis and the Karl Pearson Correlation Coefficient were utilized and the data for the sunspot number and solar radio flux were obtained from WDC-SILSO, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels and Penticton, B. C., Canada from 2018-2023. The Results obtained showed how closely the two solar indices are related and correlated for each year and their epoch classification were observed. This research work provides understanding on how these two indices can assist scientists in understanding the solar activity and predict their effects on the weather and climate, human health, communication, power grids and other infrastructures. The results revealed a strong correlation between SSN and F10.7, with a correlation coefficient of 0.95 for the entire dataset. However, significant differences in the relationship were observed during high and low solar activity phases. The relationship between SSN and F10.7 was more linear during high solar activity, while it exhibits a more complex pattern during low solar. This research work provides and also contributes a better understanding of the complex relationship between SSN and F10.7, which has important implications for space weather forecasting and solar physics research.