REMOVAL OF CADMIUM ION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING WATER MELON POD BY COLUMN METHOD
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the removal of cadmium (Cd) ions from aqueous solutions using watermelon pod in both raw and carbonated forms through a column adsorption method. The physical properties of the watermelon pod were significantly enhanced after carbonation, including reduced moisture content, increased fixed carbon, and improved porosity. Adsorption performance was evaluated by varying parameters such as contact time, temperature, and adsorbent dosage. The carbonated sample demonstrated superior adsorption efficiency, particularly at higher temperatures and lower dosages, achieving lower cadmium concentrations compared to the raw sample. The results showed that the carbonated watermelon pod effectively removed Cd ions, making it a promising low-cost biosorbent for water treatment. Comparison with other studies confirmed that carbonation improves the adsorptive properties of biomass materials by enhancing surface area and thermal stability. Based on the findings, recommendations for further optimization of the carbonation process, pilot-scale studies, and application to other heavy metals are proposed to expand the use of carbonated agricultural waste in environmental remediation.
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