EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The study examined the effect of environmental factors on employees' performance. The study used a descriptive survey design to investigate the impact of workplace culture, leadership style, workload, and work-life balance on employee performance at Borno Aluminium Company (BALCO), Maiduguri, Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of 650 permanent employees, and a sample of 130 participants was selected using a stratified random sampling method. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, and both descriptive and inferential statistics, including multiple linear regression analysis, were used for data analysis. The findings revealed significant positive effects of workplace culture, leadership style, and work-life balance on employee performance. Workplace culture had a coefficient of 0.3800, a t-statistic of 3.45, and a p-value of 0.0006, indicating a strong positive impact on performance. Leadership style showed a coefficient of 0.3200, a t-statistic of 3.05, and a p-value of 0.0023, demonstrating a significant positive effect. Work-life balance had a coefficient of 0.4200, a t-statistic of 3.50, and a p-value of 0.0005, confirming a strong positive relationship with performance. In contrast, workload had a coefficient of -0.1500, a t-statistic of -2.14, and a p-value of 0.0321, indicating a significant negative effect on performance. These results confirm that environmental factors—particularly workplace culture, leadership style, and work-life balance—significantly enhance employee performance at Borno Aluminium Company. The findings align with existing literature that emphasizes the importance of organizational climate and leadership practices in driving productivity. Based on these results, it is recommended that BALCO’s management cultivate a positive workplace culture, invest in leadership training, and implement policies to promote work-life balance, while also managing workload to improve employee performance and overall organizational success.
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