DETECTION OF COLIFORM BACTERIA FROM THE WELL WATER SAMPLES WITHIN FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC BAUCHI
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the microbiological quality of well water within the Federal Polytechnic Bauchi (FPTB) campus using total coliform and Escherichia coli counts as indicators of contamination. Seven wells were sampled and analyzed through membrane filtration. Total coliform counts ranged from 15 to 160 cfu/100 mL, while E. coli levels varied between 3 and 88 cfu/100 mL. All samples exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) limits of 0 fecal coliforms and ≤10 total coliforms per 100 mL, indicating significant bacteriological contamination. The highest contamination was recorded in Sample S4, located around the Mass Communication area. The presence of E. coli in all wells highlights recent fecal pollution and points to potential health risks, including waterborne diseases such as diarrhea, typhoid, and cholera. Contributing factors may include poor well construction, inadequate sanitation, and proximity to waste disposal sites. A sterile distilled water control confirmed the reliability of laboratory procedures. The findings show that none of the wells are safe for drinking without treatment. This study recommends urgent interventions such as chlorination, boiling of water before use, improved sanitation practices, and regular monitoring to ensure public health safety.
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