PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF SPATIAL DESIGN IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN OYO, NIGERIA

This research explores the psychological impact of spatial design in residential buildings within Oyo, Nigeria, with the aim of understanding how architectural layout and spatial arrangements affect the mental and emotional well-being of residents. The study investigates key design elements such as lighting, ventilation, room size, privacy, circulation flow, and the relationship between indoor and outdoor spaces. Through a mixed-method approach involving field surveys, interviews, and observational analysis, the research identifies patterns between specific spatial characteristics and psychological responses such as stress, comfort, mood, and sense of belonging. The findings reveal that poorly planned spatial environments contribute to mental fatigue and discomfort, while well-designed spaces enhance relaxation, social interaction, and psychological stability. The study underscores the importance of integrating user-centered design principles in residential architecture to promote mental health, especially in rapidly urbanizing contexts like Oyo. Recommendations are made for architects, urban planners, and policymakers to prioritize mental well-being in the design and regulation of housing developments.