STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON THE CAUSES AND PREVENTION OF ELEPHANTIASIS (LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS) IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA.

Elephantiasis, or lymphatic filariasis, is a debilitating neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by parasitic worms and transmitted through mosquito bites. It poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in rural and riverine areas of Nigeria. This study aims to statistically analyze the causes and prevention of elephantiasis in selected communities within Ondo State. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 200 respondents, covering socio-demographic characteristics, environmental and behavioral risk factors, and participation in prevention programs such as Mass Drug Administration (MDA). Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize key variables, while chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between variables and elephantiasis status. The findings revealed that although socio-demographic factors such as age, income, and occupation showed some descriptive patterns with disease prevalence, these associations were not statistically significant. However, environmental and behavioral factors—such as poor waste disposal, exposure to stagnant water, and non-use of mosquito nets—were clearly associated with increased risk. Participation in MDA and awareness programs showed a reduced prevalence of the disease but lacked statistically significant impact in the logistic regression model. The study concludes that while current prevention efforts are helpful, they are insufficiently implemented or targeted. Strengthening public health education, improving sanitation, and increasing MDA participation are essential to reducing the disease burden. This research provides empirical evidence to inform policymakers, healthcare providers, and community leaders on strategies for more effective elephantiasis control in endemic regions. Keywords: Elephantiasis, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Mass Drug Administration, Lymphatic Filariasis.