AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF ABATTOIR EFFLUENT DISCHARGE ON THE WATER QUALITY (A CASE STUDY OF THE NEW ABATTOIR AT THE NEW WAZO MARKET, OGBOMOSHO NORTH, OGBOMOSHO, OYO STATE
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The discharge of effluents from abattoirs into water bodies has become a significant
environmental concern due to its potential to degrade water quality and pose health risks.
This study investigates the impact of abattoir effluent discharge on water quality from areas
surrounding an abattoir site at the New Wazo Market, Ogbomosho North Local Government
Area, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Six water samples were collected at some specific locations and sent to the laboratory for
analyses and the results were subjected to graphical analyses. These samples were evaluated
for a range of physicochemical and Heavy metals parameters, including Temperature, pH,
Conductivity, Total dissolved Solids, Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical
oxygen demand (COD), Dissolved oxygen (DO) and Heavy metals content.
The results revealed that abattoir effluents had a marked effect on several parameters,
particularly BOD (24.60 mg/L for S3), COD (60.337 mg/L for S3), DO (39.3 mg/L for S3),
with values often exceeding permissible limits. Heavy metal concentration in some samples
such as, Lead, Potassium, Manganese, Iron, Aluminum, Uranium, and Sodium especially the
point of effluent discharge (S3) exceeded WHO and NSDWQ thresholds, underscoring risks
of long-term bioaccumulation and ecological toxicity. The analyses result was compared
against the World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water
Quality (NSDWQ) guidelines to assess the extent of contamination and compliance with
acceptable water quality standards.
This study underscores the need for stricter regulations and effective effluent treatment
solutions to mitigate the environmental impact of abattoir discharges on water resources.
Keywords: Abattoir, Effluent, Pollution, Water quality, Heavy metals, Physicochemical
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