EVALUATION OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS (PB, CD, CU, FE, AND CO) IN SELECTED SACHET WATER IN JOS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

This study assesses the levels of selected heavy metals—Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), and Cobalt (Co)—in sachet water sold in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Sachet water, commonly referred to as “pure water,” is widely consumed due to its affordability and accessibility. However, contamination with heavy metals poses serious health risks. Samples from different brands were collected and analyzed using standard laboratory techniques such as Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The concentrations obtained were compared with permissible limits set by the World Health Organization. Results indicated that while some samples met safety standards, others showed elevated levels of certain metals, particularly Lead and Cadmium. The findings highlight potential health risks and the need for stricter quality control measures. The study concludes that continuous monitoring and regulatory enforcement are necessary to ensure public safety.