ASSESSMENT OF INFLUENCE OF INCOME INEQUALITY ON MENTAL HEALTH IN BAUCHI LGA

ABSTRACT This study investigated the influence of income inequality on mental health among residents of Bauchi Metropolis, Bauchi State, Nigeria, with a view to understanding the causes, effects, and potential interventions. The research adopted a quantitative descriptive survey design, targeting residents aged 18–55 years, from which a sample of 399 respondents was drawn using cluster sampling and Taro Yamane’s formula. Data were collected through structured questionnaires covering socio-demographic characteristics, causes of income inequality, its effects on mental health, existing interventions, and suggested strategies for improvement. Descriptive statistics, including frequency counts and percentages, were used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that major contributors to income inequality in the metropolis include unequal access to quality education, limited employment opportunities, poor government policies, corruption, lack of financial resources, rapid population growth, urban-rural disparities, and technological changes. The study further established that income inequality significantly affects mental health, with respondents reporting psychological stress, depression, anxiety, social exclusion, chronic stress, substance abuse, and higher levels of distress among children from low-income households. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the government ensure equitable access to quality education, create employment opportunities, and implement transparent policies to reduce income inequality. Accessible and affordable mental health services, including counseling and stress management, should be provided to low-income and vulnerable populations. Furthermore, collaboration between government agencies, NGOs, and community organizations should be strengthened to implement social welfare programs, awareness campaigns, and skill development initiatives. Overall, comprehensive policy measures encompassing affordable mental health services, vocational training, fair wage laws, income redistribution, and strengthened social safety nets should be implemented and closely monitored to sustainably address income inequality and its associated mental health challenge. Keywords: Income Inequality, Mental Health, Socio-Economic Disparities, Psychological Stress.