THE ROLE OF LEGISLATURE IN THE FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT This study examines the role of the legislature in the fight against corruption in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on the democratic period spanning from 1999 to 2025. It investigates the legislative responsibilities as enshrined in the 1999 Constitution, including law-making, budgetary oversight, and administrative scrutiny, which are essential to promoting transparency and accountability in governance. The study recognizes that while the legislature is constitutionally empowered to combat corruption and create relevant institutions, such as the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC), and the Code of Conduct Bureau (CCB), its impact remains limited. A mixed-method approach was employed, utilizing survey research and documentary analysis to collect data from 341 respondents drawn from the three major anti-corruption agencies. The research aimed to explore the role of the legislature in curbing corruption, evaluate the effectiveness of reform measures, and assess the extent to which these measures have reduced corruption. Findings reveal that although legislative initiatives have led to the establishment of anti-corruption institutions and frameworks, their effectiveness is hampered by political interference, weak institutional autonomy, inadequate enforcement mechanisms, and low public trust. Despite notable efforts such as the adoption of whistle-blower and plea bargain policies, these reforms have not significantly reduced corruption due to poor implementation and selective application of justice. The study concludes that the Nigerian legislature, despite its constitutional authority and oversight powers, has not fully lived up to its potential in curbing corruption, largely due to internal weaknesses and systemic political challenges. It recommends strengthening legislative oversight, ensuring operational and financial autonomy for anti-corruption agencies, and improving the effectiveness of enforcement and corruption reporting systems. The study contributes to the understanding of governance and anti-corruption mechanisms in Nigeria and offers policy-relevant insights for lawmakers, anti-corruption agencies, civil society, and scholars seeking to enhance institutional accountability in developing democracies. Keywords: Legislature, Corruption, Nigeria, Anti-Corruption Agencies, Legislative Oversight, Public Accountability, Institutional Autonomy,