SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND LEARNING: THE CASE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN AFIJIO COMMUNITY

ABSTRACT This study investigates second language acquisition (SLA) among secondary school students in Afijio Community, Nigeria, with a focus on English language learning. It examines the cognitive, social, and cultural factors influencing students' language acquisition processes, as well as the challenges theyface. Using a descriptive survey researchdesign,datawascollectedfromstudentsandteachersinselectedsecondary schools through structured questionnaires. Findings indicate that students' exposure to English outside the classroom is limited, with native language interference and motivation playing crucial roles in learning outcomes. The study also highlights the effectiveness of various teaching methods, including communicative and interactive approaches, in enhancing students' proficiency. However, challenges such as inadequate learning resources, outdated curricula, and large class sizes hinder language acquisition. ANOVA and regression analyses reveal a significant impactof socio-economic background and teaching methodologies on students' language proficiency.ThestudyconcludesthatimprovingEnglishlanguageeducationinAfijio requires policy adjustments, increased access to learning materials, and teacher training programs. Recommendations include integrating more practical language usestrategies,fosteringstudentmotivation,andaddressingsocio-culturalbarriersto SLA. Keywords: Second Language Acquisition (SLA), English Language Learning, Secondary School Students, Afijio Community, Teaching Methods, Motivation, NativeLanguage Interference,Socio-Cultural Factors, EducationalPolicy, Language Proficiency.