DESIGN AND CONTRUCTION OF A SOLAR-POWERED SMART SECURITY AND SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM

The continuous increase in energy consumption and poor lighting management in homes, offices, and public spaces has created the need for smarter and more efficient lighting systems. In many cases, lights are left ON unnecessarily, leading to energy wastage and increased electricity costs. This project presents the design and construction of an intelligent LED lighting system that automatically controls illumination based on human motion. The system is designed to improve energy efficiency while also enhancing security in residential and small commercial environments. The main objective of this project is to develop a motion-activated lighting system using a Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor, RCWL,ESP 32 CA Mas it major component. The system is intended to automatically switch ON a LED lighting unit when motion is detected and switch it OFF when no motion is present. This eliminates the need for manual switching and ensures that energy is only used when necessary. The methodology involved designing the circuit schematic, selecting appropriate components,. The PIR sensor and RCWL was used to detect human movement and send a trigger signal to the ESP 32 CAM Microcontroller. Power transistorswere used to amplify the signal and drive the LED load safely..The results obtained show that the system successfully activates the LED light within approximately 1 second of motion detection and keeps it ON before automatically turning it OFF. The system operates at 12V DC. Experimental testing confirmed stable performance, low power consumption during standby mode, and reliable motion detection within a range of about 5 meters, The project demonstrates that an automatic motion-based lighting system can significantly reduce energy waste while providing effective and responsive illumination.LDR read above 900 ohms when in day light and less than 500 when in dark mode. The ESP 32 CAM microcontroller has duty cycle of 30% when in dim mode and 70% when in bright mode.