IMPACT OF POPULATION GROWTH ON LABOR PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA FROM ( 1980-2024).
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of population growth on labour productivity in Nigeria from 1980 to 2024. A correlational survey research design was adopted to explore the relationship between population growth and labour productivity, which was measured by GDP per worker. The study utilized secondary data sourced from reputable platforms, including statista.com, the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and other relevant official websites that provided pertinent data on the study variables. The data spanned a period of 44 years, allowing for a detailed analysis of the trends and patterns in population growth and labour productivity over time. The data collected were analyzed using EViews 10 statistical software, with multiple regression analysis employed to examine the relationships between the dependent variable (labour productivity) and the independent variables, including population growth (POPGR), agricultural productivity (AGRPR), government expenditure on health (GOVEXPH), and government expenditure on education (GOVEXPED). The model specification was designed to assess the effect of each independent variable on labour productivity while holding the others constant. F-statistics were used to test the hypotheses, enabling a thorough evaluation of the significance of the relationship between the variables. The findings revealed that population growth had a negative impact on labour productivity in Nigeria. While agricultural productivity and government expenditure on health and education had positive effects on labour productivity, they were not enough to counterbalance the adverse influence of population growth. The study concluded that population growth, if not managed alongside strategic investments in education, health, and agriculture, could continue to hinder the progress of labour productivity in Nigeria. The study recommended that the Nigerian government focus on enhancing human capital and infrastructure to improve labour productivity, despite the challenges posed by population growth.
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