ICT AND E-PASSPORT MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA IMMIGRATION SERVICE (A CASE STUDY OF OYO)
Abstract
Abstract
This research investigates the transformative role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the management and issuance of e-passports within the Nigeria Immigration Service (NIS). For years, the passport procurement process in Nigeria was synonymous with systemic delays, manual bottlenecks, and a lack of transparency that empowered unauthorized "middlemen." This study evaluates how recent digital reforms—specifically the fully automated application portal and the Contactless Biometric System—have fundamentally redefined the service landscape.
Adopting a descriptive research approach, the study assesses improvements in efficiency and transparency following the 2024–2025 technological upgrades. Key findings indicate a significant surge in operational capacity, with daily production increasing from 300 to 5,000 units and average processing cycles dropping from 35 days to approximately 12 days. Furthermore, the integration of strictly online e-payment systems and mandatory NIN verification has curtailed revenue leakages and enhanced document integrity.
Despite these advancements, the assessment identifies critical challenges, including unstable power supply, intermittent network connectivity at regional commands, and a continued reliance on imported booklet components. The study concludes that while ICT has successfully transitioned the NIS toward a "service-on-demand" model, long-term sustainability requires aggressive infrastructural investment in renewable energy and specialized staff training in cybersecurity. Recommendations include the full localization of passport booklet production and the deployment of dedicated fiber-optic networks to ensure a seamless digital experience for all Nigerians.
Keywords: ICT, E-Passport, Nigeria Immigration Service (NIS), Digital Transformation, Biometrics, Transparency, Service Delivery, NIN Integration.
Full-Text Access Notice
In accordance with the NERD Policy on promoting peer-reviewed publication, public access to the full text of a project, thesis or dissertation is restricted for three years, allowing the author and supervisors sufficient time to pursue peer-reviewed publication.
During this period, researchers with legitimate academic or research purposes may request authorisation directly from the author to enable NERD to release the indexed full texts of the work using the form below.