ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS FROM ELOKA (CANDY) SAMPLES FROM TUDUN-AMBA MARKET, LAFIA, NASARAWA STATE
Abstract
Eloka, a popular sugar-based candy in Nigeria, is widely consumed but often produced under unhygienic conditions, posing a risk of microbial contamination. This study aimed to isolate, characterize, and identify microorganisms present in Eloka candy sold in Tudun-Amba market, Lafia, Nasarawa State. Twenty samples were collected aseptically. Microorganisms were isolated using Nutrient Agar, MacConkey Agar, Mannitol Salt Agar, and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Isolates were characterized based on colonial morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. Fungal isolates were identified based on macroscopic and microscopic features. Results revealed high microbial loads, with total bacterial counts ranging from 1.8 × 10⁴ to 2.5 × 10⁴ CFU/g, exceeding acceptable international standards. Bacterial isolates included Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., and Pseudomonas spp. Fungal isolates were Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., and Saccharomyces spp. The presence of S. aureus and E. coli indicates poor hygiene and potential fecal contamination. The study concludes that Eloka candy sold in Tudun-Amba market is contaminated with pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms, posing a significant public health risk, especially to children. It is recommended that local health authorities enforce food safety regulations, vendors be trained on hygiene practices, and consumers be educated on the potential risks of street-vended snacks.
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