EFFECTS OF BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) LEAF ETHANOL EXTRACT ON OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS IN THE LIVER OF MALE WISTAR RATS
Abstract
The liver plays a central role in detoxification and metabolism, making it highly susceptible to
oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study investigated the effect of
ethanol extract of Adansonia digitata (baobab) leaves on hepatic oxidative stress markers in male
Wistar rats. Given baobab’s rich phytochemical profile and traditional use in herbal medicine, its
antioxidant potential was evaluated through biochemical analysis of liver tissue. Fresh baobab
leaves were collected, dried, and extracted using a 90:10 ethanol-water mixture. Male Wistar rats
were grouped and orally administered varying doses of the extract over a specified treatment
period. Post-treatment, liver tissues were excised for the determination of antioxidant markers,
including Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione S-transferase (GST), Catalase, and Malondialdehyde
(MDA), a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. The results revealed a dose-dependent increase in
GSH and GST activities in treated groups, indicating enhanced antioxidant defense. Catalase
activity showed varying trends, while MDA levels significantly decreased compared to the
untreated control group, suggesting a reduction in lipid peroxidation and overall oxidative stress.
These findings support the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Adansonia digitata leaf
ethanol extract, likely due to its flavonoids, polyphenols, and vitamins. In conclusion, baobab
leaf extract exhibits strong antioxidant activity in the liver, demonstrating its promise as a natural
therapeutic agent against hepatic oxidative damage. Further research is recommended to explore
its clinical application and safety profile in long-term use.
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