AN EXAMINATION OF THE MORTALITY RATE AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF UNDER-FIVE (5) MALNUTRITION IN GOMBE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, GOMBE STATE, NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA
Abstract
Malnutrition remains a leading underlying cause of child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in conflict-affected and semi-arid regions. This study examines the mortality rates and temporal (time-based) variations of malnutrition among children under the age of five in Gombe Local Government Area (LGA). Utilizing a retrospective longitudinal design, the research analyzes hospital records and community health data over a five-year period. The study categorizes malnutrition into Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) while tracking their correlation with seasonal changes (harvest vs. lean seasons). Findings indicate a significant spike in malnutrition-related admissions and mortality during the "lean season" (pre-harvest), often exacerbated by outbreaks of seasonal diseases. The study concludes that current nutritional interventions in Gombe LGA require better seasonal synchronization and increased focus on community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM).
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