SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS O FB NITRATE AND NITRITES IN COMMERCIAL BOTTLED WATER

Water contamination is a growing environmental issue. Several harmful effects on human health and the environment are attributed to nitrogen contamination of water sources. Consequently, many countries have strict regulations on nitrogen compound concentrations in wastewater effluents. Nitrate (NO3") and nitrite (NO₂) are two important nitrogen compounds that perform a very active role in environmental and biological processes. Nitrates naturally occur in the soil and in water and provide the nutrient source critical to plants, while nitrites are produced by bacterial action during the course of the nitrogen cycle. The excessive intake of nitrates and nitrites, especially from processed foods, has raised concerns due to their potential to form harmful compounds like nitrosamines, which are linked to various health issues. This study aims aimed to assess the concentrations of nitrates and nitrites in table water. Ten treated table water samples available in Ogbomosho were analyzed for nitrate and nitrite concentrations. Nitrate and nitrite levels in the samples were determined using copper and hydrazine sulfates, along with a spectrophotometric technique. Techniques such as activated sludge and biofiltration are commonly used, promoting the growth of nitrifying bacteria like Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, which help oxidize ammonia into nitrites and nitrates. These processes operate in oxygen-rich environments to ensure the complete conversion of nitrite to nitrate, minimizing harmful nitrogen levels. The results revealed that the concentrations of nitrates and nitrites in the treated table water were significantly below the recommended safety thresholds, indicating that the water treatment processes were effective in reducing these contaminants to safe levels. This study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and treatment to maintain water quality and protect public health. Ultimately, effective water treatment systems. IX combined with continuous monitoring, are essential in maintaining the safety and quality of drinking water. The findings from the study of table water in Ogbomosho emphasize the importance of optimizing treatment processes to manage nitrogen compound levels, thus ensuring safe water for human consumption and protecting the environment from the adverse effects of nitrogen pollution.