THE EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BITTER KOLA STEM BARK ON HAEMATOLOGICAL INDICES: PCV, RBC AND MCV, USING ALBINO WISTAR RAT
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of ethanol extract of bitter kola (Garcinia kola) stem bark
on hematological indices, specifically red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV),
and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), in albino Wistar rats. Bitter kola (Garcinia kola) is a
traditional medicinal plant with various reported health benefits. However, its impact on
haematological parameters remains unclear.
Twenty albino Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of albino Wistar rats were: control group
receiving water, low-dose (100mg/kg), medium-dose (500mg/kg) and high-dose (1000mg/kg)
ethanol extract of bitter kola stem bark. The extract was administered daily orally for 14 days.
On the 15th day, blood was collected from the albino Wistar rats in the morning by ocular
puncture.
Hematological indices, including red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV) and mean
corpuscular volume (MCV), were evaluated. Result showed significant changes in RBC, PCV
and MCV in the administered groups compared to the control group. Findings suggest that
ethanol extract of bitter kola stem bark may have hematological effects, potentially
influencing red blood cell production and characteristics.
The potential for bitter kola to serve as a natural remedy for improving hematological indices
may have significant implications for managing conditions such as anemia. However, the
study acknowledges limitations, including a relatively small sample size and the short duration
of administration, which necessitate further research to confirm these findings.
Future studies should focus on elucidating the specific mechanisms of action of bitter kola,
optimizing dosages for maximum efficacy, and evaluating the long-term effects of its use.
Additionally, clinical trials are warranted to assess the safety and efficacy of bitter kola extract
in human populations, particularly those suffering from blood-related disorders.
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