NEMATICIDAL POTENTIAL OF LEAF EXTRACT OF THAUMATOCOCCUS DANIELLI ON MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA

ABSTRACT The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita is a widespread plant pathogen that causes significant damage to many crops, leading to considerable agricultural losses. Traditional control methods rely heavily on synthetic nematicides, which pose risks to human health and the environment due to their toxicity and persistence. This study explores the nematicidal potential of leaf extract from Thaumaticoccus daniellii (Sweet Prayer Leaf) as a sustainable alternative for managing M. incognita. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of T. daniellii leaves were prepared and applied in various concentrations (5%, 10%, and 20%) to nematode-infested soil. The treatments were evaluated based on nematode mortality rates, root galling index, and overall plant health, compared to a standard chemical nematicide and an untreated control. Results indicated that both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of T. daniellii significantly reduced nematode populations and root gall formation, with the highest concentration (20%) showing the most pronounced effects. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, which are known for their pesticidal properties. The study suggests that T. daniellii leaf extract possesses strong nematicidal activity, providing a natural, biodegradable alternative to synthetic chemicals in managing root-knot nematodes. This research supports the potential use of T. daniellii in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, promoting safer and more sustainable agricultural practices.