FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF CHILDREN AGED 24 – 60 MONTHS IN SELECTED ORPHANAGES OF OGBOMOSO.

Nutrition during early childhood (24–60 months) is fundamental for survival, growth, cognitive development, and immune competence. At this stage, children require adequate intake of macronutrients and micronutrients to support rapid physical and mental development. Children living in orphanages are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition due to limited food variety, dependence on institutional diets, and reliance on donations. This study investigated the food consumption pattern of children aged 24 to 60 months in selected orphanages in Ogbomoso, Oyo State. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted, and data were collected using a structured Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) administered to caregivers. The study objectives were to assess the frequency of consumption of different food groups, identify the most and least commonly consumed food items, and to examine the socio-demographic characteristics on food consumption pattern of the children. Findings revealed that carbohydrate-rich staples such as cereals and tubers formed the bulk of the children’s diet, providing sufficient energy. Sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, and orphanage characteristics influenced food consumption frequency. This research examined the socio-demographic characteristics and food consumption patterns of children in four orphanages: Orphanage 1, Orphanage 2, and Orphanage 4. The study revealed that the majority of the children were between 37–48 months in 4 Orphanages (36.7%), (40%), while Orphanage 4 had more children aged 12–24 months (31.4%). Gender distribution across the homes was fairly balanced, although females slightly dominated, ranging from 54.3% in Orphanage 4 to 61.8% in Orphanage 2. Access to electricity, water, sanitation, and healthcare was generally adequate, with all children in Orphanage 1, Orphanage 2, and Orphanage 4 (100%) benefiting from functional water systems, combined PHCN and generator electricity supply, and healthcare services. The children’s calory needs were relatively met through staples, their diets lacked adequate diversity to provide sufficient proteins, healthy fats, and essential micronutrients. This imbalance predisposes them to risks of protein-energy malnutrition, anemia, rickets, impaired immunity, and developmental delays. Strengthening dietary diversity, improving institutional meal planning, and fostering nutrition-focused partnerships are crucial to ensure optimal health and development in orphaned children, while contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 (Zero Hunger) and 3 (Good Health and Well-being).