REVIEW AND SENSIVITY STUDY OF HYDRODYANMIC MODELS FOR SHIP PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

The maritime industry is crucial for global trade, with over 80% of goods transported by sea. As environmental and economic pressures increase, optimizing ship performance is vital for reducing fuel consumption, emissions, and ensuring safety. Hydrodynamic models, essential for predicting ship behavior, help assess resistance, propulsion, seakeeping, and maneuverability. Advances in computational power and experimental techniques, including CFD methods like RANS and LES, have enhanced model accuracy. However, model limitations, including assumptions and computational demands, persist. This study reviews existing hydrodynamic models and conducts a sensitivity analysis to assess their impact on ship performance predictions, supporting better design decisions. This research provides a comprehensive review and sensitivity study of hydrodynamic models used to predict ship performance characteristics. With increasing emphasis on optimizing ship efficiency and reducing environmental impact, accurate hydrodynamic modeling has become essential for assessing key parameters such as resistance, propulsion, and fuel consumption. This study evaluates various existing hydrodynamic models, including empirical, semi-empirical, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based approaches, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and applicability across different ship types and operating conditions. A sensitivity analysis is performed to examine the impact of various input parameters, such as hull form, operational speed, and environmental factors, on the accuracy and reliability of these models. The findings aim to guide future model development and selection processes for more efficient and environmentally sustainable ship design and operation.