GENOTOXIC AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF LEAF EXTRACT OF HEINSIA CRINATA
Abstract
Heinsia crinata, a medicinal plant, employed in ethnomedicine and known to posses anti-diabetic,
anti-plasmodial, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer and a lot of other activities was investigated for
cytotoxic and genotoxic effects using the Allium cepa model.
The onion bulbs were exposed to 2.5 mg/mL, 5.0 mg/mL, and 10.0 mg/mL concentrations of the
leaf extract for macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Tap water was used as a negative control
and Methotrexate (0.1 mg/mL) as a positive control. There was statistically significant (p< 0.05)
inhibition of root growth depending on concentration by the extract when compared with the
negative control group. All the tested concentrations of the extract were observed to have cytotoxic
effects on cell division in Allium cepa. The extract- induced chromosomal aberrations and
micronuclei (MNC) formations in Allium cepa root tip cells and were significant (p
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