DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A SOLAR POWERED INCUBATOR
Abstract
This technical report details the development of an IoT-based solar egg incubator that leverages
renewable energy and smart technology to create an efficient and self-sustaining incubation
environment. The incubator is equipped with a DHT22 sensor to continuously monitor temperature
and humidity, ensuring precise environmental control. A mist maker and heating bulb are
employed to maintain ideal conditions for hatching, while air circulation is facilitated by a DC fan.
The system is powered by 18650 rechargeable batteries connected through a 3s Battery
Management System (BMS), ensuring stable energy storage and supply. A 2004 I2C LCD display
provides real-time data on the incubator's internal conditions, while self-lock DC power switches
and potentiometers allow manual adjustments of the temperature and humidity settings. The
integration of the ESP32 microcontroller enables remote monitoring and control via IoT platforms,
enhancing user convenience and improving hatch rates. The design also includes energy-efficient
components to maximize the use of solar power, reducing operational costs and reliance on grid
electricity. In addition, the incubator's modular construction allows for easy maintenance and
scalability. This approach ensures a reliable, user-friendly system adaptable to various
environmental conditions and usage scenarios, promoting wider adoption in remote and off-grid
areas. Overall, the project aims to demonstrate the potential of IoT technology combined with
renewable energy for sustainable agricultural applications.
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