EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL WHOLE PLANT EXTRACT OF OCHNA AFZELII (OCHNACEAE) MALPIGHIALE IN WISTAR RATS
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol whole plant extract of Ochna afzelii in Wistar rats. Inflammation, while essential in combating infections and injuries, can become pathological if it turns chronic, contributing to diseases such as arthritis and cardiovascular disorders. Ochna afzelii, a medicinal plant used traditionally in Africa, was investigated for its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent. The anti-inflammatory activity of Ochna afzelii was assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model and Formalin-induced inflammation model. Extracts of Ochna afzelii were administered at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg, and compared with standard drugs—Diclofenac (10 mg/kg) and ibuprofen (20 mg/kg). Phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract indicated the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and steroids, which are believed to contribute to its therapeutic properties. In the carrageenan model, the 500 mg/kg dose of Ochna afzelii demonstrated the highest anti-inflammatory activity, with an inhibition of 27.00%, while the 1000 mg/kg dose exhibited lower efficacy. In the formalin model, only the 1000 mg/kg dose significantly inhibited the inflammatory (second) phase of formalin-induced inflammation. Overall, the findings indicate that Ochna afzelii possessed Anti-inflammatory Property
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