PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SCENT LEAF (OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM)
Abstract
This research explores the phytochemical composition of scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum), a
commonly used medicinal plant in Southern Nigeria. The study aimed to identify bioactive
compounds present in the leaves and assess their potential medicinal uses. Phytochemical
analysis revealed the presence of several key compounds, including saponins (8.80%), tannins
(1810 mg/100ml), flavonoids (10.80%), and alkaloids (3.20%). Qualitative screening showed
a significant presence of terpenoids and alkaloids, moderate amounts of phenols and tannins,
and trace amounts of flavonoids, quinones, coumarins, and saponins. Steroids, anthraquinones,
glycosides, and phlobatannins were not detected. The results suggest that Ocimum gratissimum
is rich in bioactive compounds with potential medicinal benefits such as antioxidant, antiinflammatory,
antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. This supports its traditional use in
treating various ailments, including diarrhea, respiratory infections, and skin diseases. The
findings underscore the importance of further research to isolate and characterize the active
compounds for pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications. The study concluded that scent
leaf extract holds significant medicinal value, reinforcing its role in primary health care and
promoting its potential for broader pharmacological use.
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