VALIDATION OF CERAMIC MEMBRANE WATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES USING THE GRAVITY METHOD
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The presence of heavy metals and microbial contaminants in water sources poses significant health risk. This study validates the effectiveness of ceramic membrane filtration using the gravity method for removing of heavy metals and microorganisms from contaminated water samples. The results demonstrate significant reductions in heavy metals concentration and microbial loads meeting and exceeding World health organization and the Nigeria Industrial Standard. Ceramic membrane modules with pore sizes of 0.02 µm was utilized, Water samples from (Esuk Nsidung River, Unicrooss Borehole, and Rain water) were collected and analyzed, the gravity driven filtration was conducted, heavy metal analysis such as atomic absorption was performed, microbiological analysis (Culturing) was conducted and physiochemical parameters such as PH, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids were measured. This research suggests that ceramic membrane filtration is viable, efficient and sustainable solution for water treatment, particularly in rural or resource-constrained areas where energy-intensive technologies are impractical.
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