PHYTOCHEMICAL AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY SCREENING OF ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF PEAR (PYRUS COMMUNIS) LEAF.
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study explores the phytochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate extract of Pyrus communis (pear) leaves. The Pear (Pyrus cummunis) leaves were collected from Sango-Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. They were air dried, puverised into powder and extracted using cold maceration in ethyl-acetate. The extract was then subjected to phytochemical and in-vitro antimicrobial screening using agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of saponins, tannins, and alkaloids. The antimicrobial potential of the extract was assessed against five selected bacterial strains such as Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Shigella. The extract exhibited moderate to high zones of inhibition, demonstrating significant antimicrobial activity. The effectiveness of the extract is attributed to the combined action of the identified phytochemicals. These findings suggest that the ethyl acetate extract of Pyrus communis Leaves possesses promising antimicrobial properties and could serve as a natural alternative for combating pathogenic microorganisms.
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