NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS KNOWLEGDE AND RESPONSE TO FAKE NEWS ON SOCIAL MEDIA

This study investigates the knowledge and perception of fake news on social media among undergraduates at Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, using both the Uses and Gratifications Theory and Media Dependency Theory as the framework. The research explores how undergraduates engage with and respond to misinformation based on their needs and motivations, and how their perceptions are influenced by media agendas. A quantitative survey was conducted with 385 participants, focusing on four key research questions: awareness of fake news, factual understanding, influential factors shaping perceptions, and behavioral responses to misinformation. The findings indicate a high level of awareness, with the majority of respondents frequently encountering suspected fake news on'social media. However, a gap was identified between perceived and actual ability to identify misinformation, suggesting overconfidence in media literacy. Education level, peer discussions, and the reputation of news sources were key factors influencing the perception of fake news. While the majority of respondents reported verifying information through fact-checking methods, active reporting of misinformation to social media platforms or authorities remained notably low. The study emphasizes the critical role of peer influence and source credibility in shaping perceptions, in line with Agenda-Setting Theory, which posits that media outlets shape what audiences consider important. Additionally, Uses and Gratifications Theory helps explain why students rely on certain sources for information and their motivations for engaging with or ignoring fake news. Based on these findings, the study recommends integrating comprehensive media literacy programs into university curricula, focusing critical evaluation of online information and promoting active participation in combating misinformation. These programs should equip students with the skills to better identify fake news, enhance fact-checking practices, and increase engagement with digital platfornms for reporting misinformation. This study offers valuable insights into the complexities of fake news perception and response, suggesting targeted strategies to improve media literacy and encourage proactive measures against the spread of fake news.